Lock.



I. BREIRATHER LOCK.

APPLICATION man mu. 16. 1915. RENEWED. JAN. a. 1918.

Patented June 25, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I. BREIRATHER.

LOCK. APPLICATION EILED 1AN.16,1915. RENEWED JAN. 3.1918.

Patented June 25, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

I. BREIRATHEB.

LOCK.

APPLICATiON FILED JAN.16'. 191s RENEWED JAN. 3.1918.

Patented June 25, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

WAY/11111171111711 1. o l l i t. l

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 25, 121%..

Application filed .Tanuaiy 16, 1915, Serial No. 2,634. Renewed January3, 1918. Serial No. 210,229.;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IGNATZ BREIRATHER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Plymouth, in the county of Sheboygan and State of Wisconsin,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of.

which the following is a specification.

The invention has for an object to provide a lock adapted to be operatedby a knob and to give means whereby it may be set in locked position sothat it can not be operated by unauthorized persons. A further object isto provide a new form of combination lock suitable for incorporation ina door knob. A purpose is to enable the construction of a knob look sothat strains and shocks to which the knob proper may be subjected willnot be liable to damage the lock mechanism. It is another importantpurpose to construct a look so thatnit may be unlocked from either sideby clockwise rotation of. an operating element. It is also an aim topresent a novel and useful construction of lock mechanism proper. It issought to give a construction which will be easy to operate as regardsthe physical effort required forits manipulation.

Additional objects and advantages will appear from the followingdescription and from the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a door equipped with myinvention, Fig. 2 isa view of the lock mechanism with certain partsremoved,

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the device as illustrated in Fig.1, Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view showin the manner of securing the knobagainst withdrawal.

Fig. 41 is a perspective view of the latch bolt, Fig.5 is a fragmentaryview of the mechanism: in one position on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3, v i

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the mechanism in a different position,and also illus trating a bearing for the shaft 35 andthe journal portionon the shaft,

Fig. 7 is a similar view from the opposite side, showing the lock boltretracted,

Fig. 8 is a perspective View of the shaft 35 illustrating also thejournal portion which may be formed thereon,

Fig. 9 is a detail inner block-65,

elevation of the Fig. 10 is an interior view of section of a knob,

Fig. 11 is an outer view of the member 56. Fig. 12 is a fragmentarysectional view on the line 12-12 of Fig. 10. j

There is illustrated a fragment 10 of a door of ordinary construction,my invention in its present embodiment including the casing 11, whichmay be mortised in the door edge at its swinging side in the familiarway generally practised with ordinary lock casings. In the upper part ofthis casing, which is formed with a removable cover plate 12 there isformed a latch guide-way 13 in which a spring-pressed latch bolt 11 ismounted, beveled on one side as at 15, the spring 16 being confinedbetween its inner end and the inner end of the casing. Fixed rigidly inthis latch bolt there is a transversely extendin shaft 17,

projecting through each side 0 the door and carrying knobs 18 on eachend outwardly of the escutcheon plates 19, whereby lateral pressurethereon will operate the latch. In the lower part of the casing there ismounted a lock bolt 20 projected slidably through the face plate 21 ofthe lock casing and having a shoulder 22 at its lower side to limit itsoutward movement by engage-. ment against the face plate. supported atits lower side by a guide' piece 23, which may be formed on the casingbody, and is open atits upperside to receive an arm 24, between whichand the face plate there is confined a spring 25 holding the boltnormally retracted. Above the bolt 20there is formed on the casing aboss 26 having a threaded bore therein receiving a suitable screwengaged through the cover plate to The bolt is i i hold the latter inposition. This'boss also 1 and substantially equal in height thereto.

The head 29 has a base portion alined with that of the bolt. a verticalouter side 30, and a hypotenuse side 31 beginning at the top of theextension 28. The junction of the foo its

the adjacent extension 28. these rectangular openings there is arectangular hollow shaft 35 having a circu- 1ar bore longitudinallytherethrough and longitudinal slots 36 at the lower side stopping shortofbut closely adjacent each other attheir inner ends, and provided withop- 'positely disposed lateral extensions 37 thereat. The shaft projectsequal distances on each side-of the lock and through suitable openingsin the escutcheons 19 just below the shaft- 17. Engaged revolubly ineach end of the shaft there are key stems 38 having lateral bits 39arranged to move into respective extensions of the slots under rotationof the stem. One of the keys is alined with the head 29, while the otheris arranged to be clear thereof upon outward u tension 28 under rotationof the cam to movement of the bolt. A cam block 40 is pivoted upon theback plate of the casing immediately inward of the head 29, andcomprises a triangular outer part 41 half the thickness of the bolt 20and lying beside the head 29, its outer lower part 42 being exposedtoengage against the end of the exinitiate movement of the'bolt, the camblock being pivoted at its upper partupon a suitable stud 43. The cam isprovided with an arm 44 alined with its outer part 41, the arm beingspaced thereabove and projected horizontally toward the-bolt inalinement with the-upper side thereof and stopping short of theinner endofthe bolt a distance corresponding to the width of the slot 34.

' Atthe'rear part the cam is provided with a vertically disposed lateralextension 45, having its innerface arranged toengage the vertical side30 of the head 29 upon hfting of the arm 44. This arm is 'alined' withthat b11339 which is cleared by the head 29. The

slot extension 37 in the shaft 35 at the adjacent side of the lock isdisposed next to and aimed with the arm 44, whereby the respectivekeybit may be turned thereinto to engage thearm 44,-raising the same andcausing projection of the bolt 20. Opposite rotation of'the key bit atthe opposite side of-the lock will cause it to engage directly againstthe inner end of the bolt, with the same result.

i The shaft 35 is inserted through the back plate27 so as-"to fit snuglyin the opening 33 'afterwhic'hthe cover plate 12 is engaged upon thecasing. If desired a cylindrical portion 35 may be formed centrally ofthe shaft as in Figs. 6 and 8, and a suitable bearing recess 35 formedon the back plate 27 to support the shaft as in Fig. 6, thismodification of the shaft serving the purpose to hold it securelypositioned on a proper axis within the casing. A knob 46 is engaged uponthe shaft at the outer side of the door, the knob comprising an innersection 47 having the integral shank 48 provided with a rectangularpassage therethrough receiving the shaft 35 snugly, a binding screw 49being engaged through the shank to hold it against loose movement on theshaft. The inner end of the shank is provided with parallel transversekey ways 50 on opposite sides, the escutcheon being provided with asuitable opening receiving the stem snugly therethrough, and a U- shapedkey-yoke 51 is engaged in the slots inwardly of the escutcheon toprevent withdrawal of the knob. This escutcheon is held to the door by aseries of bolts 52 having countersunk heads set in the escutcheon, thebolts being extended through the door and secured at the opposite sideby nuts 53 concealed by the escutcheon on the inner side, which issecured by a number of screws engaged in the door. A second knob 54similar in construction is secured on the inner end of the shaft 35 in amanner similar to that in which the knob 46 is secured. The interiorconstruction of the knobs and key operating means being identical, butone will be described.

The inner section 47 of the knob is cupped and closed by an outersection 55, also cupped and suitably secured thereon. The shaft 35 stopsshort of the space within the knob, while the stem 38 projects thereintoand has secured thereon an operating block 56, the outer end of the stembeing squared and fitted in a corresponding opening in the block. Theblock also has a stem 57 co-axial with the key stem, and engagedrevolubly through a suitable opening in the outer section 55 of theknob. In the outer part of this block a passage 58 is formed, parallelto the axis of the stems, and a sliding detent 60 is engaged slidablytherein having a transverse pin therethrough engaged in suitable slotsin theblock, limiting its outward movement. The detent 60 projects fromthe block and is held yieldably against the outer section 55 by a spring61 engaged in the inner end of the passage in a suitable manner. On theinner side of the outer section 55 of the knob a rise 62 is formed,conincident with the path of the detent upon rotation'of the block, therise terminating at an opening 63, extending entirely through the outersection of the knob. On the far side of the opening from the rise 62 anextension or check-block 64 is formed, whereby the detent will beprevented from passing across the opening. The opening 63 is located ata point to receive the detent therein when the key bit has been turnedto fully shoot the bolt. Engaged loosely around the stem 57 of the blockthere is a rotatable circular block 65, at the inner side of the door,having a planiform inner side fitted against the corresponding face onthe outer section of the knob, covering the opening 63, and extendingtherebeyond a short distance. Fixed upon the stem 57 there is amanipulating key head 66, the block being th reby held in place forrotation. At one point upon the block a spring pressed unlocking pin 67is provided, normally at theouter limit of its movement, arranged to bemoved into registry with the opening 63 by rotation of the block 65, andof a size to enter the opening for displacement of the detent 60. Thepiri 67 projects from the outer side of the block and is suitably shapedfor manipulation. At the outer side of the door a block is provided,similar in form to the one 65, the other parts of the knob mechanism,etc., being the same as before described. The block 65, however, isprovided with a multiplicity of concentrically arranged passages 68therethrough enlarged at their inner ends and having projected therefromrespectively loose studs 69, having enlarged inner portions engaged inthe passages and held snugly between the reduced parts of the passagesand the surface of the knob section 55. The enlarged parts of all ofthese pins,

except one 69, continue to their inner ends and exceed in diameter thewidth of the opening 63. The one 69 is provided with an inner endportion reduced in diameter sufiiciently to enter the opening 63.

In use, it will be seen that the lock bolt is normally retracted by thespring engaged therewith and the door is free to open upon retraction ofthe latch 14, which is accomplished by pressing back the knob 18 at oneside or the other. The rigid mounting ofthe knobs obviates theobjectionable wabble and rattle which usually develops in the rotatingdoor knobs and complications are absent from the operative means for thelatch bolt. The locking of the bolt 20 is accomplished by a simple turnof the key head 66, and it is to be noted that this is accomplished byclock-wise movement from either side The spring 25 will tend to draw thebolt upon release of the detent, but should this not occur provision ismade whereby the key head operated from the inside may be given acounter clockwise movement to positively return the bolt to retractedposition. It will be apparent that from the inner side of the doorreverse operation of the bit 39 would cause it to e11- gage thehypotenuse side 31 of the head 29 and this will force the boltback.

It will be observed that the lock involves a comparatively small numberof parts for the performance of the functions attained, and is readilyadapted to be produced and installed'at a minimum expense, both formaterials and labor.

It isalso obvious that the disclosure herein presents but one of manypossible embodiments of the invention, within the scope of theinvention. 7

It will be seen that withthe parts assembled as shown in Fig. 2, theshaft 35 with the elements 38 may be withdrawn from the casing withoutdisturbing any of the parts in the casing, and the withdrawn parts maybe, returned after the lock has been adjusted in a mortise in a door, bybeing inserted through a suitable opening formed through the door andcommunicating with the mortise, as will be readily understood. As shownin the drawings in Fig. 3, the bit 39 would strike the lower edge of theopening on one side of the door if the shaft 35 were drawn horizontallyoutward without movement of the casing. However, by first loosening thescrews in the face plate 21, the lock casing may be raised sufficientlyto permit withdrawal of the key element without obstruction, and theshaft 35 may be emplaced before the lock is finally secured in the door.The opening through the side of the door may also be shaped to permitready withdrawal of the parts mentioned without loosening of the lockcasing if desired.

One of the knobs 18 is threaded upon the stem 17, and the latter isfitted very tightly in the latch bolt 14, but may be driven out whennecessary. Bythis snug fit the stem 17 is held rigidly in relation tothe bolt 14.

The parts of the knobs do not require to be separated or taken down inorder to installor remove the lock, fromthe door, and these parts aswell as those in the lock casin may be assembled at the factory and leftundisturbed during installation.

In installing the lock upon a door, the mortise being formed, and thenecessary transverse openings being formed through the doorcommunicating with the mortise,

the shafts 17 and35 are removed from the lock casing, and the casinginserted in the mortise. The shaft 35 is then inserted from the backside, on which the slot 34 is located, the bits 39 passing inward untilone engages the cover, which will stop them in the proper positions, asshown in Fig. 3, or if the shaft 35 is formed with the enlarged journal35, this will engage-within the bearing 35", on the back of the look, asillustrated in Fig. 6, and check the parts in in proper position forcoaction with the lock mechanism. After emplacement of the shaft 35,escutcheon plates are next introduced over the ends of the shaft at eachside, or positioned on the stems of the knobs,

after which thesecuring-yokes 51 are" put in position on theknobsjstemsa The knobs are then introduced on theiends' of the shaft Theescutcheon plate-19 at the front side of the door 'isnext secured bymeans'of the bolts 52 and nuts 53," after which the escutcheon at theinner side of the door may be securedin place. Before or after thissecurement of the escutcheon plates the shaft 17- may be insertedthroughthe escutcheon 'plateat one side, and thedetached' knob 18 engaged'onthe threaded end of the shaft, outwardly of the other escutcheonplate. In order'that the ends of the stems 38-will engage properly inthe elements 56 in the knobs, as the'shanks of the knobs are forcedinwardly upon the shaft 35, the key 66 maybe turned, in case immediateengagement of the stem ends in the'elements 56 does not occur,

In assembling the parts of theknob'for the outer side of the door, fromwhich the manner of assembling the inner "knob will also beunderstood,-the detent 60 is first mounted in the block 56, after Whichthe stem57 is inserted through the central open- 7 in the desiredmanner;

ing in the outer section of the knob, and this section secured upon theinner section The pins 69' and 69' are then assembled in the block 65,which is then adjusted over the stem 57, and the key 66 then securedupon'the outer end of the stem 57, thereby holding the parts in properassembled relation. The outer section of theknob may be secured in placewith the opening 63 on any desired radius of the axis of theknob. Y

It will be seen that when the key 66' at the inner or right hand side-ofthe door is tur'nedin a clockwise direction, the bolt'will be shot, andthe detent moves into a position to hold it in locked position, aspreviously described. Movement of the key element 66 at the outerflsideof the door in a counter clockwise direction I will similarly shoot thebolt, as previously described, the respective detent 60 adjacent servingto hold it'in' locked position. Ifthe door he closed, and the boltinlocking position as described, in order to open the door at the outerside, it is necessary to rotate the block 65' until the 'stud 69"registers with the aperture 68, when the stud may be pressed inwardly,releasing the detent 60, and permitting the spring 25 to retract thebolt. To open the door from the inner side, the'detent 60 on that sideisreleased in similar manner-by manipulation of the block 65 and the pin67. After the bolt has been retracted, the knob is grasped by'the hand,and the thumb or-forefinger, pressed against the knob 18thereadjacent,to bear the latch'bolt-inwardly." I "What'is claimed: V v I 1; A lock ofthe -class described com-prising a housing, a sliding bolt, resilientmeans engaged therewith tending to hold the bolt in retracted position,stationary knobs, means for shooting the bolt, including a membermovable within each knob and a device to hold said movable member at apredetermined position in its movement.

2. A lock of the class described comprising a housing, a sliding bolt,stationary knobs, means-to operate the bolt including separate membersmovable in res )ective knobs, a detent operative to hold saic movablemember in each knob at a predetermined position in its movement, meansto release said detent, and means to move the said separate members.

3. A look of the class described comprising a'housing, a lock boltmovable-therein,

stationary knob members fixed with relation to the housing, movablemembers in the knobs, operative connections between the movable membersand the lock bolt, a key head connected with each movable member andlocated exteriorly of the knob for manipulation, an eccentric aperturebeing formed at the outer side of the knob, a detent carried by each ofsaid movable members in the knobs, constructed and arranged to engage insaid aperture, and. a plurality of devices carried exteriorly of theknob, at least one of which is constructed for manipulation to releasesaid detent.

4:. A lock of the classdescribed comprising a housing, a lock boltmovable therein, stationary knob members fixed with relation to thehousing, movable members in the knobs, operative connections between themovable members and the lock bolt, a spring pressed detent carried bysaid movable member and arranged to bear against the inner side of theknob for sliding movement under operating action of the movable member,an opening being formed in the knob in the path of the detent, arevoluble member carried exteriorly of the knob, at least one releasingmember carried thereby for engagement in said opening, and means withoutthe knob to operate said movable member therewithin.

5, A lock'of the class described, comprisinga housing, a sliding bolttherein, said housing having a key-receiving opening closely adjacent aninner end portion of the bolt, a key member having a bit to engage theend of the bolt upon rotation to shoot the bolt, a cam deviceconstructed, arranged and mounted for rotation to engage and shoot thebolt and having a portion constructed and arranged to be engaged by abitupon rotation the reverse of that above indicated for shooting the boltto operate the cam to shoot the bolt, resilient means tending to movethe bolt to retracted position, means to operate the key member andmeans to hold the key member releasably in operative position at eitherlimit of its movement.

6. A lock of the class described, comprising a housing, a lock boltmovable therein having a transverse key receiving face, a key memberhaving a bit therein revoluble on an aXis adjacent one longitudinal edgeof the bolt, the bolt having an extension provided With an inclined facearranged to lie adjacent the bit when operated to shoot the bolt forengagement by the key bit under reverse movement to retract the bolt, acam member pivoted inwardly of the bolt arranged to shoot the bolt undermovement in one direction, and having a key enga ing arm opposed to saidtransverse face of the bolt adjacent the opposite side of the casingfrom said bit, a second key having a bit positioned to engage said armof the cam, said cam having also a portion arranged to lie adjacent thesecond named bit when operated, to be engaged under reverse operation ofthe key and connections between the cam and bolt for retraction of thebolt under movement of the cam the reverse of that first mentioned.

7. A lock of the class described, comprising a housing, a lock boltmovable therein having a transverse key receiving face, a key membertherein having a bit adjacent one side of the casing, the bolt having alongitudinal extension provided with an inclined face arranged to lieadjacent inwardly of and in the path of the bit When operated to shootthe bolt, a cam member pivoted inwardly of the bolt arranged to shootthe bolt under movement in one direction, and having a key engaging armopposed to said transverse face of the bolt adjacent the opposite sideof the casing from said bit and a second key having a bit positioned toengage said arm of the cam.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of tWo Witnesses.

IGNATZ BREIRATHER.

Witnesses EDWARD VoIGT, SELINA Woos.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. 0.

